Ukusetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwe-PVC kuza nomda obalulekileyo: ukuba sesichengeni kwayo ngokwendalo kokuwohloka xa iphantsi kobushushu kunye noxinzelelo loomatshini ngexesha lokucubungula.Iziqinisi zePVCgcwalisa esi sikhewu njengezongezo ezibalulekileyo, ukugcina ulwakhiwo lwepolymer kunye neempawu zokusebenza. Phakathi kweentlobo ze-stabilizer ezikhoyo, iintlobo zolwelo kunye nomgubo zikhokela kwimarike, nganye ineempawu ezahlukeneyo, iingenelo, kunye neemeko zokusetyenziswa ezifanelekileyo.
Ngaphambi kokuba uhlolisise izinto ezisetyenziswa xa kujongwa izinto ezizinzisa ulwelo xa kuthelekiswa nezinto ezizinzisa umgubo, kubalulekile ukuqonda iziseko zokuwohloka kwePVC kunye nesidingo esingaxoxiswana ngaso sokuzinzisa. Ulwakhiwo lwemolekyuli yePVC luqulathe iiathom zechlorine ezinamathele kumqolo wepolymer, nto leyo eyenza ukuba ingazinzi. Xa ichaphazeleka kubushushu—njengakwixesha lokuphuma, ukubumba ngenaliti, okanye ukuhlanjwa—ukuchetywa koomatshini, okanye nokuba kuchaphazeleke elangeni ixesha elide, iPVC ifumana impendulo ye-chain dehydrochlorination. Le nkqubo ikhupha igesi yehydrogen chloride, esebenza njenge-catalyst yokukhawulezisa ukuwohloka okungakumbi, idala umjikelo ombi. Njengoko ukuwohloka kuqhubeka, uthotho lwepolymer luyawohloka, nto leyo ekhokelela ekutshintsheni kombala, ukuqhekeka, ukulahleka kwamandla oomatshini, kwaye ekugqibeleni, ukusilela kwemveliso yokugqibela. Ukuzinzisa kwePVC kusebenza ngokuphazamisa lo mjikelo wokuwohloka ngokusebenzisa enye okanye ezininzi iindlela: ukususa i-HCl ukuthintela ukukhawulezisa kwe-catalytic, ukutshintsha iiathom ze-chlorine ezilabile kwikhonkco lepolymer ukunciphisa ukuqaliswa kokuwohloka, ukuthintela i-oxidation, okanye ukufunxa imitha ye-UV kwizicelo zangaphandle. Izizinzisa ubushushu, icandelo elincinci lezizinzisa zePVC ezigxile ekunciphiseni ukuwohloka kobushushu ngexesha lokucutshungulwa, zezona zisetyenziswa kakhulu kwimveliso yePVC. Ngelixa zombini iziqinisi zolwelo kunye nomgubo zisebenza njengeizinto zokuqinisa ubushushu, imo yazo ebonakalayo, ukwakheka kwazo, kunye neempawu zokuphatha zibangela umahluko omkhulu ekusebenzeni nasekusebenzisekeni kwazo.
Ukuzinzisa i-PVC kusebenza ngokuphazamisa lo mjikelo wokuwohloka ngokusebenzisa enye okanye ezininzi iindlela: ukuhlutha i-HCl ukuthintela ukukhawulezisa kwe-catalytic, ukutshintsha ii-athomu ze-chlorine ezi-labile kwi-polymer chain ukunciphisa ukuqaliswa kokuwohloka, ukuthintela i-oxidation, okanye ukufunxa imitha ye-UV. Iziqinisi zobushushu, icandelo elincinci leziqinisi ze-PVC ezigxile ekunciphiseni ukuwohloka kobushushu ngexesha lokucubungula, zezona zixhaphakileyo ezisetyenziswa kwimveliso ye-PVC. Zombini iziqinisi zolwelo kunye ne-powder zisebenza njengeziqinisi zobushushu, kodwa imo yazo yomzimba, ukwakheka, kunye neempawu zokuphatha zidala umahluko omkhulu ekusebenzeni nasekusebenzisekeni.
Umahluko oPhambili phakathi kweZiqinisi zePVC zolwelo kunye nePowder
Iziqinisi zePVC ezingamanzi kunye nezomgubo zahlukile kakhulu ngaphaya kwemeko yazo yomzimba; ukwakheka kwazo, ukuhambelana kwazo nePVC kunye nezinye izongezo, iimfuno zokucubungula, kunye nefuthe kwiimveliso zokugqibela ziyahluka kakhulu. Ukuqala ngohlobo lokwakheka kunye nekhemikhali, iziqinisi zePVC ezingamanzi zihlala ziyimixube eqinileyo esekwe kwiisepha zesinyithi—ezifana necalcium stearate, i-zinc stearate, okanye i-barium stearate—iikhompawundi ze-organotin, okanye iinkqubo zesinyithi ezixutyiweyo ezifana necalcium-zinc okanye i-barium-zinc. Zinokuba neziqulatho ezingasebenziyo okanye izithwali zokuphucula ukuhamba kunye nokusasazwa, kunye nemo eqinileyo efumaneka ngokumisa, ukugaya, okanye iinkqubo ze-granulation, okubangela imveliso yepowder okanye ye-granular ehamba ngokukhululekileyo. Iziqinisi zePVC ezingamanzi, ngokwahlukileyo, ziifomyula ezingamanzi ezihlala zisekwe kwiikhompawundi ze-organotin (umz., i-dioctyltin maleate), ii-epoxy plasticizers, okanye isepha zesinyithi ezingamanzi, zihlala ziquka iziqinisi kunye neearhente zeplastiki ukukhulisa ukuhambelana kunye nokusebenza. Ukwakheka kwazo kolwelo kwenza kube lula ukufakwa kwezongezo ezinyibilikayo kwioyile, okwenza zibe zilungele iifomyula ezifuna ukuguquguquka okanye iziphumo ezithile zeplastiki.
▼ Ulwakhiwo kunye neNdalo yeeKhemikhali
Iziqinisi zePVC zomguboZidla ngokuba ziifomyula eziqinileyo, ezihlala zisekelwe kwiisepha zesinyithi (umz., i-calcium stearate, i-zinc stearate, i-barium stearate), iikhompawundi ze-organotin, okanye iinkqubo zesinyithi ezixutyiweyo (i-calcium-zinc, i-barium-zinc). Zisenokuba neziqulatho ezingasebenziyo okanye izithwali zokuphucula ukuhamba kwamanzi kunye nokusasazeka. Uhlobo oluqinileyo lufumaneka ngokumisa, ukugaya, okanye iinkqubo ze-granulation, nto leyo ephumela kwimveliso ye-powder okanye ye-granular ehamba ngokukhululekileyo.
Iziqinisi zePVC ezingamanziKwelinye icala, ziifomyula zolwelo, ezidla ngokusekwe kwiikhompawundi ze-organotin, ii-epoxy plasticizers, okanye isepha zesinyithi ezingamanzi. Zihlala ziquka ii-co-stabilizers kunye nee-agents zeplastiki ukuphucula ukuhambelana nokusebenza. Uhlobo lolwelo luvumela ukufakwa lula kwezongezo ezinyibilikayo kwioyile, nto leyo eyenza ukuba zilungele iifomyula ezifuna ukuguquguquka okanye iziphumo ezithile zeplastiki.
▼ Ukuhambelana kunye nokuSasazwa
Ukusasazeka—ukusasazwa okufanayo kwe-stabilizer kuyo yonke i-matrix ye-PVC kubalulekile ukuze kuzinziswe ngempumelelo, njengoko ukusasazeka okungekho semgangathweni kukhokelela ekukhuselekeni okungalinganiyo, ukuwohloka kwendawo, kunye neziphene zemveliso. Kule meko, iziqinisi zolwelo ziyagqwesa, ngakumbi kwiifomyula ze-PVC eziguquguqukayo (umz., iifilimu ze-PVC, iintambo, iipayipi) ezinomxholo omkhulu we-plasticizer. Njengoko zixutywa kunye neeplastiki ezininzi, iziqinisi zolwelo ziyadibana ngaphandle kokuphazamiseka kwi-PVC compound ngexesha lokuxuba, ziqinisekisa ukugqunywa rhoqo kwi-matrix ye-polymer kwaye zisusa umngcipheko “weendawo ezishushu”—iindawo ezingenazinziso ezaneleyo—ezinokwenzeka xa zisasazekile kakubi. Nangona kunjalo, iziqinisi zomgubo zifuna ukuxuba ngononophelo ukuze kufezekiswe ukusasazeka okufanelekileyo, ngakumbi kwiifomyula ze-PVC eziqinileyo (umz., iipayipi, iiprofayili zeefestile) apho amanqanaba e-plasticizer aphantsi okanye engekhoyo. Amasuntswana aqinileyo kufuneka asasazwe ngokupheleleyo ukuze kuthintelwe ukuhlangana, okunokubangela iziphene zomphezulu okanye ukunciphisa ukusebenza kakuhle kokuzinzisa. Ngethamsanqa, inkqubela phambili kwifomyula yomgubo, njengeepowders ze-micronized kunye neemveliso ezi-granulated, iphucule amandla azo okusasazeka, yandisa ukusebenza kwazo kuluhlu olubanzi lwezicelo.
Iziqinisi zolwelo zibalasele ekusasazekeni, ingakumbi kwiifomyula zePVC eziguquguqukayo ezineeplastiki ezininzi. Ekubeni iziqinisi zolwelo zixutywa kunye neeplastiki ezininzi, zixubana ngaphandle komthungo kwi-PVC compound ngexesha lokuxuba, ukuqinisekisa ukugqunywa rhoqo kwi-matrix yepolymer. Oku kususa umngcipheko "weendawo ezishushu" ezinokwenzeka xa kusabalale kakubi.
Iziqinisi zomgubo, ngokwahlukileyo, zifuna ukuxuba ngononophelo ukuze kufezekiswe ukusasazwa okufanelekileyo, ngakumbi kwiifomyula zePVC eziqinileyo apho amanqanaba eplastiki aphantsi okanye angekhoyo. Amasuntswana aqinileyo kufuneka asasazwe kakuhle ukuze kuthintelwe ukuhlangana, okunokukhokelela kwiziphene zomphezulu okanye ukuncipha kokusebenza kozinzo. Nangona kunjalo, inkqubela phambili ekubunjweni komgubo iye yaphucula amandla okusasazwa, okwenza ukuba kube lula ngakumbi kuluhlu olubanzi lwezicelo.
▼ Iimfuno zokucubungula kunye nokusebenza kakuhle
Uhlobo olubonakalayo lwesizinzisi lukwachaphazela ngokuthe ngqo ukusebenza kakuhle kokucubungula, kubandakanya ixesha lokuxuba, ukusetyenziswa kwamandla, kunye nobushushu bokucubungula. Izizinzisi zolwelo zinciphisa ixesha lokuxuba kunye neendleko zamandla ngokudibanisa ngokukhawuleza kwi-PVC compound, zisusa isidingo samanyathelo ongezelelweyo okuqhekeza amasuntswana aqinileyo. Zikwanciphisa i-viscosity yokunyibilika kwePVC, ziphucula ukucutshungulwa ngexesha lokukhupha okanye ukubumba. Izizinzisi zomgubo, kwelinye icala, zifuna amaxesha amade okuxuba kunye namandla aphezulu okusika ukuqinisekisa ukusasazeka ngokufanelekileyo; kwezinye iimeko, ukuxuba kwangaphambili nezinye izongezo ezomileyo ezifana nezizalisi okanye ii-lubricants kuyimfuneko ukuphucula ukuhamba kwamanzi. Oko kuthethiweyo, izizinzisi zomgubo zihlala zibonelela ngozinzo oluphezulu lobushushu kumaqondo obushushu aphezulu okucubungula xa kuthelekiswa nezinye zazo zolwelo, nto leyo ezenza zifaneleke kwizicelo ezifuna ukucutshungulwa kobushushu obuphezulu, njengokukhupha okuqinileyo kwePVC kumaqondo obushushu angaphezu kwe-180°C.
Iziqinisi zolwelo zinciphisa iindleko zexesha kunye namandla okuxuba kuba zihlangana ngokukhawuleza kwi-PVC compound. Zikwanciphisa i-melt viscosity ye-PVC, ziphucula ukucutshungulwa kwayo ngexesha lokukhupha okanye ukubumba. Oku kuluncedo ngakumbi kwimigca yemveliso ekhawulezayo apho ukusebenza kakuhle kuyeyona nto iphambili.
Iziqinisi zomgubo zifuna ixesha elide lokuxuba kunye namandla aphezulu okucheba ukuqinisekisa ukusasazeka ngokufanelekileyo. Kwezinye iimeko, ukuxuba kwangaphambili nezinye izongezo ezomileyo (umz., izizalisi, ii-lubricants) kuyimfuneko ukuphucula ukuhamba kwamanzi. Nangona kunjalo, iziqinisi zomgubo zihlala zinozinzo oluphezulu lobushushu kumaqondo obushushu aphezulu okucubungula xa kuthelekiswa nee-liquid counterparts, nto leyo eyenza zifaneleke kwizicelo ezifuna ukucubungula amaqondo obushushu aphezulu.
▼ Iipropati zeMveliso yokuphela
Ukukhetha phakathi kweziqinisi zolwelo kunye nepowder kukwachaphazela kakhulu iimpawu zemveliso yokugqibela, kubandakanya inkangeleko, ukusebenza koomatshini, kunye nokuqina. Iziqinisi zolwelo zikhethwa kwiimveliso ezifuna umphezulu ogudileyo, ocwebezelayo—njengeefilimu zePVC, amaphepha okuhombisa, kunye neetyhubhu zonyango—kuba ukusasazwa kwazo okuphezulu kunciphisa iziphene zomphezulu ezifana namabala okanye imicu. Ukongeza, uninzi lweziqinisi zolwelo ziqulathe izinto ezenza iplastiki ezihambelana neplastiki ephambili, ezinegalelo ekuguquguqukeni okungcono kunye nokwandiswa kweemveliso zePVC eziguquguqukayo. Iziqinisi zolwelo, ngokwahlukileyo, zifanelekile kwiimveliso zePVC eziqinileyo apho ukuqina kunye nokumelana nempembelelo kubaluleke kakhulu, njengeepayipi, izixhobo, kunye ne-siding. Azincedi ekwenzeni iplastiki, ngaloo ndlela zigcina isakhiwo esiqinileyo sepolymer, kwaye zihlala zibonelela ngokuzinza okungcono kobushushu bexesha elide kwiimveliso zokugqibela, zizenza zilungele ukusetyenziswa okufuna ubomi benkonzo obongezelelweyo kumaqondo obushushu aphezulu, njengeepayipi zoshishino kunye neendawo zombane.
Iziqinisi zolwelo zikhethwa kakhulu kwiimveliso ezifuna umphezulu ogudileyo nocwebezelayo (umz. iifilimu zePVC, amaphepha okuhombisa, iityhubhu zonyango) kuba ukusasazeka kwazo okuphezulu kunciphisa iziphene zomphezulu ezifana namabala okanye imicu. Zikwanegalelo ekuguquguqukeni okungcono kunye nokwandiswa kweemveliso zePVC eziguquguqukayo, njengoko uninzi lweziqinisi zolwelo ziqulathe izinto ezenza iplastiki ezihambelana neplastiki ephambili.
Iziqinisi zomgubo zilungele kakuhle iimveliso zePVC eziqinileyo apho ukuqina kunye nokumelana nempembelelo kubaluleke kakhulu (umz., imibhobho, izixhobo, i-siding). Azincedi ekwenzeni iplastiki ibe yiplastiki, ngoko aziyiphazamisi isakhiwo esiqinileyo sepolymer. Ukongeza, iziqinisi zomgubo zihlala zibonelela ngozinzo olungcono lobushushu bexesha elide kwiimveliso zokugqibela, nto leyo ezenza zilungele ukusetyenziswa ezifuna ubomi obude benkonzo kumaqondo obushushu aphezulu (umz., imibhobho yemizi-mveliso, iindawo zokuvala umbane).
▼ Iingqwalasela zeendleko
Ixabiso lelinye icandelo elibalulekileyo ekukhetheni iziqinisi, kwaye kubalulekile ukuqwalasela iindleko zizonke zobunini endaweni yexabiso leyunithi nganye. Iziqinisi zolwelo zihlala zinexabiso eliphezulu ngeyunithi nganye kuneziqinisi zomgubo, kodwa ukusasazwa kwazo okuphezulu kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kokucubungula kunokunciphisa iindleko zemveliso iyonke ngokunciphisa inkunkuma kunye nokunciphisa iindleko zamandla kunye nabasebenzi ezinxulumene nokuxuba. Kwezinye izicelo, zikwafuna iidosi ezincinci, zilinganise ixabiso eliphezulu ngeyunithi nganye. Iziqinisi zomgubo, ngexabiso lazo eliphantsi kwangaphambili, zinomtsalane kwizicelo ezinobunzima beendleko, kodwa ixesha elongezelelweyo lokuxuba, ukusetyenziswa kwamandla, kunye nokwenzeka kwenkunkuma ngenxa yokusasazwa okubi kunokunyusa iindleko zemveliso iyonke. Ngaphezu koko, imfuneko yeenkqubo zokuqokelela uthuli kunye nokugcinwa okukhethekileyo inokongeza kwiindleko zokusebenza.
Iziqinisi zolwelo zihlala zinexabiso eliphezulu ngeyunithi nganye kuneziqinisi zomgubo. Nangona kunjalo, ukusasazeka kwazo okuphezulu kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kokucubungula kunokunciphisa iindleko zemveliso iyonke ngokunciphisa inkunkuma (iimveliso ezimbalwa ezineziphene) kunye nokunciphisa iindleko zamandla kunye nabasebenzi ezinxulumene nokuxuba. Zikwafuna iidosi ezincinci kwezinye iinkqubo, zilinganise ixabiso eliphezulu ngeyunithi nganye.
Iziqinisi zomgubo zinexabiso eliphantsi kwangaphambili, nto leyo eyenza ukuba zibe nomtsalane kwiindlela ezixabisa kakhulu. Nangona kunjalo, ixesha elongezelelweyo lokuxuba, amandla, kunye nethuba lokulahla inkunkuma ngenxa yokusasazeka kakubi kunokunyusa iindleko zemveliso zizonke. Ukongeza, imfuneko yeenkqubo zokuqokelela uthuli kunye nokugcinwa okukhethekileyo inokongeza kwiindleko zokusebenza.
Ukukhetha Phakathi Kwezinto Ezigcina Ulwelo NeziQinisekisayo Ze-PVC
Ukukhetha isizinzisi esifanelekileyo sokusebenzisa kwakho kufuna ukuqwalasela izinto ezahlukeneyo, uqale ngefomyula yakho ye-PVC—nokuba iqinile okanye iguquguquka. Kwi-PVC eguquguqukayo (enomxholo we-plasticizer ongaphezulu kwe-10%), izizinzisi zolwelo zihlala zilukhetho olufanelekileyo ngenxa yokuhambelana kwazo nee-plasticizers, okuqinisekisa ukusasazeka okuhle, kunye nokukwazi kwazo ukuphucula ukuguquguquka kunye nomgangatho womphezulu; usetyenziso oluqhelekileyo apha luquka iifilimu ze-PVC, iintambo, iipayipi, ii-gaskets, kunye neetyhubhu zonyango. Kwi-PVC eqinileyo (enomxholo we-plasticizer ongaphantsi kwe-5% okanye ukungabikho), izizinzisi zomgubo ziyathandwa, njengoko zingayibeki emngciphekweni ukuqina kwaye zibonelela ngozinzo oluphezulu lobushushu kumaqondo obushushu aphezulu okucubungula, okwenza zifaneleke kwiipayipi, iiprofayili zeefestile, ii-siding, izixhobo, kunye neendawo zokuvala umbane.
Inyathelo 1: Chaza indlela yakho yokwenza i-PVC (eqinileyo neguquguqukayo)
Le yeyona nto iphambili. Kwi-PVC eguquguqukayo, iziqinisi zolwelo zihlala ziyindlela engcono. Ukuhambelana kwazo neeplastiki kuqinisekisa ukusasazeka okuhle, kwaye zonyusa ukuguquguquka kunye nomgangatho womphezulu. Izicelo eziqhelekileyo ziquka iifilimu zePVC, iintambo, iipayipi, iigasket, kunye neetyhubhu zonyango.
Kwi-PVC eqinileyo, izinto zokuqinisa umgubo ziyathandwa. Aziyiphazamisi imeko yokuqina kwaye zibonelela ngozinzo oluphezulu lobushushu xa kushushu kakhulu. Izinto ezisetyenziswayo ziquka imibhobho, iiprofayili zeefestile, i-siding, izixhobo zokufakelwa, kunye neendawo zokuvala umbane.
Inyathelo lesi-2: Vavanya iiMeko zokuSebenza
Cinga ngobushushu bakho bokucubungula kunye nesantya:
Ukucubungula ngobushushu obuphezulu(>180°C): Iziqinisi zomgubo zibonelela ngozinzo olungcono lobushushu kumaqondo obushushu aphezulu, nto leyo ezenza zifaneleke kwi-PVC extrusion eqinileyo okanye i-injection molding.
Imveliso ekhawulezayo: Iziqinisi zolwelo zinciphisa ixesha lokuxuba kwaye ziphucula ukucutshungulwa, nto leyo ezenza zibe zilungele imigca ekhawulezayo.
Inyathelo lesi-3: Beka phambili iimfuno zokuphela kwemveliso
Ukuba ukugqitywa okugudileyo nokukhazimlayo kubalulekile—umzekelo, kwiishiti zokuhombisa okanye kwizixhobo zonyango—iziqinisi zolwelo zingcono. Kwimisebenzi yoomatshini, iziqinisi zomgubo zingcono kwiimveliso eziqinileyo ezifuna ukuqina kunye nokumelana nempembelelo, ngelixa iziqinisi zolwelo zikhethwa kwiimveliso eziguquguqukayo ezifuna ukwandiswa kunye nokuguquguquka. Ukuze zihlale ixesha elide, ingakumbi kwiimveliso ezivezwe kumaqondo obushushu aphezulu okanye kwiindawo ezinzima ezifana nemibhobho yemizi-mveliso okanye i-siding yangaphandle, iziqinisi zomgubo zibonelela ngozinzo olungcono lobushushu bexesha elide. Ukuthobela imigaqo yokhuseleko kunye neyokusingqongileyo nako akunakuxoxiswana ngako, njengoko iimfuno zahlukile ngokwengingqi kunye nokusetyenziswa. Kwizicelo zokunxibelelana kokutya okanye zonyango, khetha iziqinisi ezingezizo ezinobuthi—ezifana neziqinisi zomgubo we-calcium-zinc okanye iziqinisi zolwelo lwe-organotin—ezihlangabezana nemigangatho efana ne-FDA okanye i-EU 10/2011. Ngokwembono yokusingqongileyo, ziphephe iziqinisi ezinobuthi ezifana neepowders ezisekelwe kwi-lead okanye ii-organotins ezithile zolwelo, ezithintelwe kwiindawo ezininzi; iziqinisi zomgubo we-calcium-zinc ziyindlela ezinzileyo.
Inyathelo lesi-4: Thobela iMimiselo yoKhuseleko kunye neNdalo
Iimfuneko zomthetho ziyahluka ngokwengingqi kunye nokusetyenziswa, ngoko ke qiniseka ukuba ukhetho lwakho lwe-stabilizer luhlangabezana nemigangatho yendawo:
Unxibelelwano lokutya okanye izicelo zonyango: Khangela izinto ezizinzisa izinto ezingenabungozi (umz., izinto ezizinzisa umgubo we-calcium-zinc okanye izinto ezizinzisa ulwelo lwe-organotin) ezihambelana ne-FDA, i-EU 10/2011, okanye eminye imigangatho efanelekileyo.
Izinto eziqwalaselwayo kwindalo esingqongileyo: Ziphephe izinto ezizinzisa ityhefu (umz., iipowders ezisekelwe kwi-lead, ii-organotins ezithile ezingamanzi) ezithintelweyo kwiindawo ezininzi. Izinto ezizinzisa i-calcium-zinc powder ziyindlela ezinzileyo.
Inyathelo lesi-5: Hlalutya iindleko ezipheleleyo zobunini
Bala ixesha lokuxuba, iindleko zamandla, kunye namaxabiso enkunkuma kuzo zombini iindlela zolwelo kunye nomgubo, kwaye ucinge ngeendleko zokugcina kunye nokuphatha. Kwimveliso yomthamo ophezulu, iziqinisi zolwelo zinokubonelela ngeendleko eziphantsi zizonke nangona ixabiso lazo liphezulu kwangaphambili, ngelixa iziqinisi zomgubo zinokuba zezonga ngakumbi kwizicelo ezinomthamo ophantsi, ezinobunzima obuphantsi. Izifundo zeemeko zehlabathi lokwenyani zibonisa ngakumbi le migaqo yokukhetha: kwityhubhu yezonyango yePVC eguquguqukayo, efuna umphezulu ogudileyo, ukuhambelana kwezinto eziphilayo, ukusebenza rhoqo, kunye nesantya esiphezulu sokucubungula, isiqinisi solwelo se-organotin sisisombululo, njengoko sixubana ngaphandle komthungo neeplastiki ukuqinisekisa ukuzinza okufanayo kunye nomphezulu ongenasiphako, sithobela imigaqo yezonyango efana ne-FDA, kwaye senza ukuba ukukhupha ngokukhawuleza kuhlangatyezwane neemfuno zemveliso yomthamo ophezulu. Kwimibhobho ye-PVC eqinileyo, efuna ukuqina, ukumelana nempembelelo, uzinzo lobushushu bexesha elide, kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kweendleko, isiqinisi somgubo we-calcium-zinc sifanelekile, njengoko sigcina ukuqina, sibonelela ngozinzo oluhle kakhulu lobushushu ngexesha lokukhupha ubushushu obuphezulu, sisebenza kakuhle kwimveliso yemibhobho yomthamo omkhulu, kwaye sihlangabezana nemigaqo yokusingqongileyo ngokuphepha izongezo ezinobuthi.
Ukuqukumbela, zombini iziqinisi ze-PVC ezingamanzi kunye nezomgubo zibalulekile ekunciphiseni ukubola kwe-PVC, kodwa iimpawu zazo ezahlukeneyo zizenza zilungele ngcono usetyenziso oluthile. Xa ukhetha isiqinisi, sebenzisa indlela ebanzi: qala ngokuchaza ukwakheka kwe-PVC yakho kunye neemfuno zemveliso yokugqibela, uze uvavanye iimeko zokucubungula, ukuthobela imithetho, kunye neendleko zizonke zobunini. Ngokwenza njalo, ungakhetha isiqinisi esingakhuseli kuphela ukubola kwe-PVC kodwa sikwaphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kwemveliso kunye nokusebenza kwemveliso yokugqibela.
Ixesha leposi: Jan-26-2026