Iimveliso ze-vinyl flooring kunye ne-PVC zokuhombisa ziye zaba zizinto ezibalulekileyo kwiindawo zangaphakathi zanamhlanje, ngenxa yokuqina kwazo, ukuguquguquka kwazo, kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kweendleko. Ukusuka kwiiplanga ze-SPC (Stone Plastic Composite) flooring ukuya kwi-molding yokuhombisa, iiphaneli zodonga, kunye ne-edge trims, ezi mveliso zixhomekeke kakhulu kwiinkqubo ezichanekileyo ze-injection molding ukuze kufezekiswe umgangatho ohambelanayo. Eyona nto iphambili kule nkqubo kukho into ebalulekileyo edla ngokungajongwa de kuvele iingxaki: ii-PVC stabilizers zokujova.
Ukubumba i-PVC ngenaliti yokufakela umgangatho kunye nokusetyenziswa kwemihombiso kufuna ulungelelwano oluthambileyo—izinto kufuneka zimelane namaqondo obushushu aphezulu okucubungula (160–200℃) ngaphandle kokuwohloka, zigcine ubuhle (umbala ofanayo, umphezulu ogudileyo), kwaye zihlangabezane nemigangatho engqongqo yokusingqongileyo. Ukukhetha i-subpar stabilizer kunokukhokelela kwiziphene ezibizayo: iiplanga ezityheli, "ukuqhakaza komphezulu," imiphetho ebuthathaka, okanye ukuvalwa kwemigca yemveliso. Le bhlog ichaza indlela yokukhetha, ukusebenzisa, kunye nokwenza ngcono i-PVC stabilizers zokubumba inaliti kwiumgangatho wevinylkunye neeprojekthi zokuhombisa, ukusombulula imingeni yokwenyani ejongene nabavelisi kunye nabaphuhlisi beemveliso.
Kutheni i-PVC yokubumba i-Injection yoMgangatho kunye nokuhombisa ifuna ii-Stabilizers ezikhethekileyo
Ukungazinzi okungokwemvelo kwe-PVC phantsi kobushushu kunye nokucheba kwenza iziqinisi zingaxoxiswani ngokubumba ngenaliti. Ngokungafaniyo neenkqubo zokukhupha, ukubumba ngenaliti kuchaphazela i-PVC ekunyukeni kobushushu ngokukhawuleza, uxinzelelo oluphezulu, kunye namaxesha amafutshane okuhlala kwibharele—iimeko ezikhawulezisa i-dehydrochlorination (ukukhululwa kwe-HCl) kunye nokuqhekeka kwe-molecular chain. Kwiimveliso zomgangatho we-vinyl kunye nezokuhlobisa, iingozi ziphezulu:
Ubuhleukuchaneka: Iiplanga zomgangatho kunye nemigangatho yokuhombisa ifuna umbala ohambelanayo, ukukhazimla, kunye nokuguda komphezulu. Nokuba umbala omncinci okanye ukudumba (ukuqhakaza) kuyayonakalisa indlela yokuthengisa.
Ukuqina koomatshini: Umgangatho kufuneka umelane nokuhamba kweenyawo, ngelixa izinto zokuhombisa ezihombisayo zifuna ukumelana nokuchaphazeleka. Izinto ezizinzisa umgangatho zichaphazela amandla okunyibilika kwePVC kunye neempawu zokugqibela zokuxinana.
Ukuthobela imiqathango yokusingqongileyo: Imithetho yehlabathi (i-EU REACH, i-US FDA) iyayithintela isinyithi esinzima njenge-lead kunye ne-cadmium kwiimveliso zabathengi, nto leyo etyhalela eli shishini kwiindlela ezingasetyenziswayo nendalo.
Kwizinto ezifakelwe umgangatho we-vinyl ezifakwe kwi-injection-ezifana namalungu adibeneyo, iiprofayili zomphetho, okanye izinto zokuhombisa-izinzisi akufuneki zithintele kuphela ukuwohloka kobushushu kodwa zikwaphucula ukuqhubekeka kokusebenza. Izinzisi ezingalinganiyo kakuhle zikhokelela kwimiba efana nokuqhekeka kokunyibilika, ukwakheka kwediphozithi yesikhunta, okanye ubungakanani benxalenye obungaguqukiyo-zonke ezo zinyusa amazinga enkunkuma.
Ukusombulula OkuqhelekileyoIsiqinisi sePVCImingeni ekubumbeni ngenaliti
Nokuba uhlobo olufanelekileyo lwe-stabilizer, abavelisi badla ngokujongana nemiba yokusetyenziswa ebeka umgangatho wemveliso emngciphekweni. Nazi izisombululo ezinokwenzeka kwiingxaki ezixhaphakileyo ezidibana nazo kwi-vinyl flooring kunye ne-injection molding yokuhombisa:
1. Ukubola kobushushu (Ivumba elityheli, elivuthayo)
Ingxaki: Imiphetho yomgangatho okanye iinkcukacha zokuhombisa zijika zibe tyheli/mdaka ngexesha lokubumba; izixhobo zikhupha ivumba elibi le-HCl. Oku kwenzeka xa izinto ezizinzisayo zingayithomalalisi i-HCl okanye zimelane namaqondo obushushu okucubungula.
Iimbangela: Umlinganiselo ongonelanga wokuzinzisa, izinzisi ezikumgangatho ophantsi ezinezithako ezisebenzayo ezibuthathaka, okanye amaqondo obushushu okucubungula adlula uluhlu lwezinzisi. Kwiiplanga eziqinileyo zomgangatho, ukuqokelelana kobushushu kwisikhunta kuyandisa ukuwohloka.
Izisombululo:
- Yongeza idosi yokuqinisa nge-0.5–1 phr (iinxalenye nge-resin ezilikhulu) kwiindawo ezixineneyo; sebenzisa iziqinisi ezihlanganisiweyo ezihlanganisiweyo kunye ne-synergists (umz., ioyile yesoya efakwe i-epoxidized) ukuze uphucule ukusebenza kobushushu.
- Yehlisa ubushushu bebhareli nge-5–10℃ kwaye unciphise isantya sesikrufu ukuze unciphise ixesha lokuhlala.
- Tshintshela kwi-Ca-Zn esebenza kakuhle okanye kwi-organic tin stabilizer enokusebenza okuqinisekisiweyo kwi-180–190℃.
2. Intyatyambo Engaphezulu (Umkhenkce Omhlophe)
Ingxaki: Ifilimu emhlophe, efana nomgubo iyenzeka phezu komphezulu womgangatho okanye izinto zokuhombisa ezifakwe inaliti, yonakalisa ubuhle kunye nokunamathela.
Iimbangela: Ukuhambelana okungekho kakuhle phakathi kwe-stabilizer kunye ne-resin ye-PVC, okanye ii-lubricants ezinobunzima obuphantsi beemolekyuli kwifomyula ye-stabilizer. Oku kuqhelekile kwi-Ca-Zn stabilizers ezikumgangatho ophantsi.
Izisombululo: – Khetha isizinzisi esinamasuntswana aguqulwe ngumphezulu ukuphucula ukusasazeka kwePVC; ziphephe izizinzisi ezinomxholo ophezulu we-stearic acid.
- Hlakaza izibambisi-ndlela kwangaphambili kwi-masterbatch ene-resin ye-PVC ngaphambi kokubumba ukuqinisekisa ukusasazwa okufanayo.
- Nciphisa idosi yokuncedisa yokuzinzisa kwaye utshintshe izithambisi ezinyibilikayo kancinci ngezinye iindlela ezinobunzima obuphezulu beemolekyuli.
3. Ukunyibilika Okubi (Ukuzaliswa Okungaphelelanga, Ukuqhekeka Kokunyibilika)
Ingxaki: Izihlanganisi zomgangatho ezibunjwe ngenaliti okanye iipateni zokuhombisa aziphelelanga; imiphezulu ibonisa ukugoba okanye ubume obungalinganiyo ngenxa yokungabi namandla okunyibilika kakuhle.
Iimbangela: Izithambisi ezonyusa ukunyibilika kwe-viscosity, okanye ukuthambisa okwaneleyo kwinkqubo yokuzinzisa. Izithambisi zomhlaba ezingaqhelekanga zichaphazeleka kakhulu yile ngxaki xa zinomthwalo omninzi.
Izisombululo:
- KhethaIsiqinisi se-Ca-Znelungiselelwe ukuhamba—khangela iifomyula ezinobukhulu beesuntswana ezilawulwayo kunye nezikhawulezisi zeplastiki.
- Yongeza i-0.3–0.5 phr ye-lubricant yangaphandle (umz., i-polyethylene wax) ukuphucula ukuhamba kwe-melt ngaphandle kokuphazamisa uzinzo.
- Lungisa ubushushu bomngundo (bonyuke nge-10–15℃) ukuze unciphise ukumelana nokunyibilika ngexesha lokuzaliswa.
4. Ukungathobeli imithetho
Ingxaki: Iimveliso ziyasilela kuvavanyo lwesinyithi esinzima (i-lead, i-cadmium) okanye zidlula imida yokufuduka kwezinto zokuhombisa zokutya okanye izinto zokuhombisa zabantwana.
Iimbangela: Ukusebenzisa iziqinisi zetyuwa yelead endala okanye iziqinisi zeCa-Zn ezikumgangatho ophantsi ezingcoliswe ziintsimbi ezinzima.
Izisombululo: – Izixhobo zokuqinisekisa ukhuseleko ezivela kubaboneleli abaneziqinisekiso zomntu wesithathu (REACH, FDA) eziqinisekisa ukuba azinatyhefu.
- Beka phambili iifomyula ze-Ca-Zn "ezingenazo i-heavy metal"—abavelisi abadumileyo banikezela ngeengxelo zovavanyo oluhambelana nebhetshi.
- Kuphephe ukuxuba iintlobo zozinzisi; iintsalela zezixhobo ezingcoliswe yilothe zingonakalisa iibhetshi ezihambelanayo.
Ukukhetha ii-PVC Stabilizers zokubumba ngenaliti
Ukukhetha isizinzisi esifanelekileyo asikokuqikelela—kufuna ukulungelelanisa iimfuno zemveliso, iimeko zokucubungula, kunye neemfuno zomthetho. Landela esi sikhokelo sokwenza izigqibo ngokuzithemba:
Chaza izinto eziza kuqala kwiMveliso
Qala ngokuchonga izinto ezingaxoxiswaniyo: Izinto zokuhlobisa: Ngaba ufuna ukucaca (umz., iiphaneli zokuhombisa) okanye ubumhlophe obuhlala buhleli (umgangatho we-SPC)? I-organic tin okanye i-high-purity Ca-Zn isebenza kakuhle.
Indawo yokusetyenziswa: Ngaba imveliso iza kuvezwa kwi-UV (ukuhombisa ngaphandle) okanye ukuguguleka kakhulu (umgangatho)? Izinto ezizinzileyo ze-Rare earth okanye i-UV-enhanced Ca-Zn zingcono.
Imigaqo: Iimarike ekujoliswe kuzo (i-EU, i-US, i-Asia) zinemigangatho eyahlukeneyo—qinisekisa ukuthotyelwa kwemithetho kwangaphambili ukuze uphephe ukuphinda usebenze.
Hlanganisa iStabilizer neMiqathango yokuSebenza
Iiparamitha zokubumba ngenaliti zilawula ukusebenza kwe-stabilizer: Ubushushu: Ukubumba ngobushushu obuphezulu (≥190℃) kufuna i-organic tin okanye i-advanced Ca-Zn kunye ne-synergists.
Ixesha lomjikelo: Imijikelo ekhawulezayo ifuna izinto ezizinzisayo ezineplastiki ekhawulezayo (umz., i-Ca-Zn engaphantsi kobunzulu) ukuze kuthintelwe ukubola okungaphelelanga.
Uhlobo lwezixhobo: Oomatshini abasika izikrufu ezimbini bafuna iziqinisi ezisasazekileyo ukuze kuthintelwe ukubola kwesikrufu.
Uvavanyo lokuhambelana nokusebenza
Ungaze uluphose uvavanyo lweqela elincinci. Yenza uvavanyo lokuvavanya: Ukulungiswa kozinzo: Jonga ukuba umbala awubonakali, ukubola kwesikhunta, kunye nokuqina kokugcwalisa.
Iimpawu zokugqibela: Vavanya amandla okuxinana, ukumelana nempembelelo, kunye nomgangatho womphezulu (ukukhazimla, ukudubula).
Ukuqina kwexesha elide: Yenza uvavanyo lokuguga kobushushu (70℃ iiyure ezingama-72) ukuqinisekisa ukuba umbala kunye nokugcinwa kwamandla kuyabonakala—kubalulekile xa kufakwa umgangatho.
Ixabiso leBhalansi kunye neXabiso
Nangona i-organic tin inika ukusebenza okuphezulu, iziqinisi ze-Ca-Zn zinciphisa iindleko ngama-30–40% kwiimveliso ezingacacanga. Bala iindleko zizonke zobunini: isiqinisi se-Ca-Zn esibiza kancinci nesisebenza kakuhle sinokunciphisa amazinga enkunkuma (ngokunciphisa iziphene) ngaphezu kwesinye isixhobo esingabizi kakhulu nesisebenza kakuhle.
Kwi-vinyl flooring kunye ne-injection molding yokuhombisa, iziqinisi ze-PVC zingaphezulu nje kwe-additi esebenzayo—zingumqhubi womgangatho, ukusebenza kakuhle, kunye nokuthobela imithetho. Ukunciphisa iindlela zokulungisa izinto kukhokelela kwiziphene ezibizayo kunye nemingcipheko yolawulo, ngelixa ukutyala imali kwifomyula efanelekileyo kwandisa ukuhambelana kwemveliso kunye nobude bexesha lemveliso.
Ngokubeka phambili ukuhambelana neemeko zakho zokucubungula, ukuhambelana nemigangatho yolawulo, kunye nokuvavanya ngokungqongqo, ungaguqula ukhetho lwe-stabilizer lube yinzuzo yokukhuphisana. Kwiizicelo ezininzi, zilungiselelweIziqinisi ezidityanisiweyo zeCa-Znzibonelela ngebhalansi engcono kakhulu—kodwa ungathandabuzi ukuphucula kwiindlela ze-organic tin okanye ze-rare earth ukuze ufumane iimveliso zeprimiyamu okanye ezikhethekileyo.
Khumbula: Eyona nto ingcono yokuqinisa izinto ayibizi kakhulu okanye idumileyo—yileyo yenzelwe iimfuno ezikhethekileyo zemveliso yakho. Ngendlela eyiyo, uya kuziphepha iingxaki eziqhelekileyo kwaye uzise umgangatho wevinyl ogqunywe ngenaliti kunye neemveliso zokuhombisa ezibalaseleyo kwimarike enabantu abaninzi.
Ixesha lokuthumela: Feb-03-2026