Ukusetyenziswa kwePvc yokuZinzisa ubushushu kwimibhobho yePvc

PVC izinzisi ubushushuidlala indima ebalulekileyo ekuqinisekiseni ukusebenza kunye nokuqina kwemibhobho yePVC. Ezi zizinzi zizongezo ezisetyenziselwa ukukhusela izinto zePVC ekuthotyweni okubangelwa kukuvezwa kobushushu, ukukhanya kunye neoksijini. Kweli nqaku, siza kuphonononga usetyenziso lwezinzisi zobushushu zePVC kwimibhobho yePVC kunye nokubaluleka kwazo ekugcineni umgangatho wombhobho.

I-PVC, okanye i-polyvinyl chloride, yinto eguquguqukayo esetyenziswa rhoqo kwishishini lokwakha kwizicelo ezahlukeneyo, kubandakanya imibhobho, ukufakwa kunye nemibhobho. Imibhobho ye-PVC isetyenziswa ngokubanzi kunikezelo lwamanzi, ukuhanjiswa kwamanzi, ukunkcenkceshela kunye neenkqubo zokucocwa kogutyulo lwelindle ngenxa yokuqina kwayo, ukumelana nokugqwala, kunye nokulula ukufakwa. Nangona kunjalo, izixhobo ze-PVC zithande ukuthotywa xa zibekwe kubushushu kunye nokukhanya, okukhokelela ekulahlekelweni kwamandla oomatshini kunye nokutshintsha kwemibala.

Ukoyisa lo mngeni, izinzisi zobushushu zePVC zisetyenziselwa ukukhusela imathiriyeli yePVC ekuthotyweni kwe-thermal ngexesha lokusetyenzwa kunye nobomi benkonzo yemibhobho yePVC. Injongo yala ma-stabilizers kukuthintela ukuthotywa kokuthotywa okwenzekayo xa i-PVC ibonakaliswe ekushiseni nasekukhanyeni, ngaloo ndlela yandisa ubomi benkonzo yombhobho kunye nokugcina iimpawu zayo zomatshini.

Kukho iintlobo ezininzi ze-PVC zokuzinzisa ubushushu ezisetyenziselwa imibhobho ye-PVC, kubandakanywa i-lead-based stabilizers, i-tin-based stabilizers, i-calcium-based stabilizers kunye ne-organic-based stabilizers. Uhlobo ngalunye lokuzinzisa luneempawu zalo ezikhethekileyo kunye neenzuzo, kwaye ukukhetha esona sigxininisi sifanelekileyo kuxhomekeke kwiimfuno ezithile zesicelo sakho sombhobho wePVC.

I-lead-based stabilizers, ezifana ne-lead stearate kunye ne-lead trivalent sulfate, zisetyenziswe ngokubanzi kwixesha elidlulileyo ngenxa yokuzinza kwazo okugqwesileyo kwe-thermal kunye nokusebenza kweendleko. Noko ke, ngenxa yokuxhalabela imekobume nempilo, amazwe amaninzi akuyekile ukusetyenziswa kwezinyibilikisi ezinelothe aza endaweni yazo asebenzisa ezinye iindlela zokuzinzisa.

I-Tin-based stabilizers, ezifana ne-dibutyltin dilaurate kunye ne-tributyltin oxide, ziyaziwa ngokuzinza kwazo okuphezulu kwe-thermal kunye nokucaca, okwenza ukuba zilungele izicelo apho ukugcinwa kombala kubalulekile. Ezi zinzisi zikhusela ngokufanelekileyo umbhobho wePVC ekuthotyweni ngexesha lokucubungula kunye nokuvezwa kwangaphandle.

I-calcium-based stabilizers, ezifana ne-calcium stearate kunye ne-calcium zinc stabilizers, azikho ezinye iindlela ezingenayo ityhefu kwi-lead-based stabilizers kwaye zisetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo ekuveliseni imibhobho ye-PVC yokusela amanzi kunye nokupakishwa kokutya. Ezi zizinzi zinozinzo oluhle lwe-thermal kunye nokumelana nemozulu, okwenza ukuba zilungele izicelo zangaphandle.

I-Organic stabilizers, ezifana ne-epoxidized soya ioli kunye ne-methyltin mercaptide, ziphuma kwimithombo yendalo kwaye ziyaziwayo ngenxa yendalo yazo ehambelanayo kunye neepropati ezingenayo ityhefu. Ezi zizinzi zikhusela ngokufanelekileyo iipayipi ze-PVC ekuthotyweni kwe-thermal kwaye zifanelekile kwizicelo ezinemimiselo engqongqo yokusingqongileyo.

Ngexesha lenkqubo yokwenziwa kwemibhobho ye-PVC, i-PVC stabilizers yongezwa kwi-resin ye-PVC ngexesha lenkqubo yokudibanisa ukwenza umxube we-homogeneous. Izinzisi zithintela ngokufanelekileyo ukuthotywa komgangatho obangelwa bubushushu kunye nokukhanya ngokwenza ii-complexes kunye ne-PVC polymer chain. Oku kuqinisekisa ukuba umbhobho we-PVC ugcina amandla ayo omatshini, ukuzinza kombala kunye nokunyaniseka komgangatho kulo lonke ubomi benkonzo.

Ngethuba lobomi benkonzo yeepayipi ze-PVC, ukuvezwa kwezinto zangaphandle ezifana nokukhanya kwelanga, ukuguquka kweqondo lokushisa, iikhemikhali, njl.njl. kuya kukhawulezisa ukuthotywa kwezinto ze-PVC. I-PVC i-heat stabilizers idlala indima ebalulekileyo ekukhuseleni imibhobho kwezi zinto zithobisayo, ziqinisekisa ukusebenza kwazo kwexesha elide kunye nokuthembeka.

Ukusetyenziswa kwezizinzisi zobushushu bePVC kubalulekile ekugcineni umgangatho kunye nokusebenza kwemibhobho yePVC. Ezi zizinzi zikhusela izinto ze-PVC ekuthotyweni kwe-thermal kwaye ziqinisekisa ukuba umbhobho ugcina iimpawu zayo zomatshini, ukuzinza kombala kunye nokunyaniseka komlinganiso. Njengoko iteknoloji yokuzinzisa ihambela phambili, ngoku kukho iindlela ezahlukeneyo zokuhlangabezana neemfuno ezithile zezicelo zemibhobho yePVC ezahlukeneyo. Njengoko imfuno yomgangatho ophezulu kunye nesigxina semibhobho ye-PVC iqhubeka ikhula, ukubaluleka kwezinzisi zokushisa kwe-PVC kwishishini lombhobho we-PVC akukwazi ukugqithiswa.